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Macrophotograph of the skin on the
arm of a young male human showing goosebumps on the outer cornified (keratinised) epidermis. The skin surface shows
erectile hairs, which with sweat glands & blood capillaries form
part of the temperature-regulatory mechanism of the body. Hairs
are produced by hair follicles, which are cylindrical downgrowths of the surface epithelium ensheathed by connective
tissue. A bundle of smooth muscle, the arrector pili muscle, is
attached to the connective tissue sheath of each follicle. When
contracted, the hair stands on end & its point of insertion is
pulled down, causing the effect known as "goosebumps". |
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More about your skin:
"...your skin
temperature varies parabolically from 83 deg F. (28.2 C) at an
ambient temperature of 49 deg F. (9.5 C) to 98 deg F. (37.2 C)
at an ambient temperature of 95 deg F (35 C)."
Dr. K.R. Koehler College Physics for Students of Biology and
Chemistry, University of Cincinnati
"
"As
evidence of the importance of radiant heat exchange to the
body’s thermal equilibrium, physiologists have discovered that
living human skin has extraordinarily high absorptivity and
emissivity (0.97), greater than almost any other known
substance, matte-black metals included. Consequently, we are
highly responsive to changes in mean radiant temperature."
Dr. Andrew Marsh, Ecotect/Autodesk
Suggested reading:
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